Pathology is a branch of medical science that involves examination of and diagnosis of complaint through scrutiny of surgically removed tissues, organs, body fluids, and in some cases combined body.
Pathology is branch of medical science that includes amalgamated scientific study of illness whereby the causes, mechanisms and extent of sickness are examined.
In simple terms, pathology is psychiatry of cause and effects of complaint and injury.
A physician practising Pathology is called Pathologist.
Specialist or Physician who practise Pathology is called Pathologist.
Pathological laboratory tests guide more than 70% of medical decisions for uncomplaining care.
Types of Pathology Laboratories:

- Hospital Labs:
Hospitals have an in-house laboratory to test bloods, bodily fluids, tissues, cells collected of Hospital Patients. The facilities of Hospital Labs would attach surgical pathology, cytopathology, autopsy etc.
Almost all hospitals contain a laboratory to retain clinical facilities offered at hospital. Most, if not all, inpatient and many outpatients seen and admitted at hospital require exam performed by labs of hospital.
- Reference Labs:
Reference labs are usually private, commercial services that conducts high volume and speciality laboratory testing. Most of tests are referred from physician clinic, doctors clinic, hospitals and other compliant care nursing homes. Reference labs, are generally third party laboratories that conduct and pay for laboratory services of doctors, hospitals, clinics and nursing homes for a fee. These referring doctors, clinics and hospitals refers their tests to outside labs because they do not have in-house pathology laboratory services.
- Public Health Labs:
Public Health Laboratories are generally explain public organisation or giving out and local health departments to realize diagnosis and guard public from health threats such as outbreaks of infectious disease.
These labs take effect tests to monitor prevalence of positive diseases in activity which are public concern, such as outbreak of Covid 19, Corona, outbreak of foorborne or waterborne disease etc.
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